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alcohol antibiotics
If you drink alcohol while on antibiotics, it will impede
your body’s ability to fight infection.

You should never drink alcohol while taking antibiotics, as it
could weaken your immune system and make recovering from your
infection more difficult.
Drinking with some antibiotics, like metronidazole and tinidazole,
can cause severe side effects such as vomiting, abdominal cramping,
and a rapid heart rate.
You can drink alcohol again once the antibiotic clears from your
system, which is usually three days after the last dose.
This article was medically reviewed by Jason R. McKnight, MD, MS, a
family medicine physician and clinical assistant professor at Texas
A&M College of Medicine.
Visit Insider’s Health Reference library for more advice.

While a drink or two per day normally isn’t cause for alarm,
when you’re on antibiotics even one drink can cause adverse side
effects. In fact, mixing antibiotics with alcohol may add to,
trigger, or complicate the side effects of your medication.

Here’s why you should never mix alcohol with
antibiotics.

It’s important to avoid drinking alcohol on antibiotics
Antibiotics treat infections by either killing or sterilizing
bacteria

There are some antibiotics that are almost certain to cause
strong, negative side effects when mixed with drinking alcohol,
says Jessica Nouhavandi, PharmD, a pharmacist in Los Angeles,
California, and co-founder of Honeybee Health, an online
pharmacy.

According to Nouvahandi, antibiotics that have a particularly
strong reaction with alcohol include:

Metronidazole (Flagyl) is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial
or parasitic infections in the vagina, stomach, liver, or
brain.
Tinidazole (Tindamax) is an antibiotic that is used to treat
infections in the vagina and intestines.

When taking these antibiotics, you should stay away from liquor,
wine, and beer — and also avoid anything that contains alcohol,
including cough syrup and mouthwash, Nouvhavandi says.

If you consume alcohol while taking these antibiotics, you will
most likely experience strong side effects, such as:

Abdominal cramping
Nausea
Headaches
Vomiting
Rapid heart rate

If you do accidentally drink while taking antibiotics, your side
effects will usually disappear within a few hours. However, if you
are experiencing a severe reaction after taking antibiotics and
drinking alcohol, seek medical attention from your doctor or head
to urgent care.

Other common antibiotics that should not be mixed with alcohol,
even though side effects may be less severe, include:

Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Bactrim DS), which is
used commonly for UTIs or skin infections. It has similar side
effects as metronidazole.

Cefotetan (Cefotan), which is used to treat bacterial
infections in the lungs, skin, and bones, also has similar side
effects to metronidazole.

Linezolid (Zyvox), which is prescribed to treat skin
infections and pneumonia, has strong interactions with beer — even
non-alcoholic beer — and red wine. Drinking while taking linezolid
can cause your blood pressure to spike.

Isoniazid (Nydrazid) is used to treat tuberculosis and can
overwhelm your liver, leading to toxicity, when combined with
alcohol.

You can resume drinking alcohol once the antibiotic has cleared
from your system, which is usually three days after the last
dose.
Why you shouldn’t drink alcohol on antibiotics
Does alcohol weaken the immune system? Yes, if you drink too
much


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Since drinking alcohol lowers your body’s immune system,
drinking when you’ve been prescribed an antibiotic is never a great
idea.

“Not all antibiotics result in a serious interaction when mixed
with alcohol, but generally, when someone is on antibiotic therapy,
it is because they are trying to fight an infection and their
immune system is weak,” says Nouhavandi.

Furthermore, even antibiotics that aren’t directly
contraindicated with alcohol — meaning mixing them with alcohol is
strongly discouraged — still come with a risk of nausea, vomiting,
and diarrhea.

Nouhavandi cites doxycycline (Vibramycin, Monodox) and
amoxicillin (Amoxil) as two examples of antibiotics that are known
to frequently cause digestive problems. Since having alcohol in
your system can also cause these symptoms on its own, using both
antibiotics and alcohol together increases your risk of these side
effects.

Does alcohol make antibiotics less effective?

Alcohol consumption won’t directly impact how effective your
antibiotics are. But, drinking alcohol can mean that it takes your
body longer to recover from whatever infection or illness you are
taking antibiotics for in the first place.

Nouhavandi says this is partly because when you’re sick, you
need to be properly hydrated. One of the side effects of drinking
alcohol can be dehydration, which can make it harder for you to get
well.

Like many types of antibiotics, alcohol is broken down and
processed by your liver before it can exit your body. When your
liver is already working to help fight infection, adding alcohol to
the mix can overwork it. In rare cases, this can cause drug-induced
liver toxicity (swelling of your liver).
You should never skip a dose of antibiotics to drink alcohol

Even if you want a drink, it’s important not to skip a dose or a
day of your antibiotics until your prescribed course of medication
is complete. Skipping a single dose won’t really protect you from
side effects, anyway, as it takes several days for the medication
to clear from your system.

When you take antibiotics, you typically start feeling
better within 48 hours. But that doesn’t mean that there’s no more
infection present in your body. If you stop taking antibiotics
early so that you can drink, you are giving the bacterial or fungal
infection a chance to return.

The bottom line

Some antibiotics like metronidazole and tinidazole have strong
interactions with alcohol that may cause nausea, headaches, and
cramping. Even if you are taking another antibiotic, it’s important
to avoid all alcohol because drinking may impair your body’s
ability to fight the infection. Additionally, never skip a dose of
your antibiotics just to drink.

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