Daily Law Tips (Tip 797) by Onyekachi Umah, Esq., LL.M,
ACIArb(UK)
![image](/2020/10/lawreport.jpg")
![image](/2021/05/lawp.jpg")
Introduction:
According to Transparency International (a global coalition against
corruption), Nigeria is rated 149 out of 180 countries on the 2020
Corruption Perceptions Index, with the least being New Zealand and
the worst being Somalia at position 179. Its Global Corruption
Barometer reports that 44% of public service users in Nigeria paid
a bribe in the last 12 months, since 2019. The Police Corruption
Perceptions Index ranked Nigeria Police Force as having 7.83
corruption on a scale of 10, with Danish Police having 1.86 and
Finland 2.04.
![image](/2021/01/payne-alex.jpg")
In a publication of The Global Anticorruption Blog, Marvellous
Iheukwumere, reported that; “Nigeria has a serious problem with
police corruption, at all levels. At the top, senior police
officials embezzle staggering sums of public funds. To take just
one example, in 2012, the former Inspector General of Police,
Sunday Ehindero, faced trial for embezzling 16 million Naira
(approximately US$44,422). Meanwhile, at the lower levels,
rank-and-file police officers regularly extort money from the
public, and crime victims must pay bribes before the police will
handle their cases.”
Whether or not anyone agrees with the above data and trusts
their owners, the Nigeria Police Force has corrupt officers and has
been reprimanded several times by courts in Nigeria. The recent
protests (#EndSARS) across Nigeria, for the disbandment of a
department of the Nigeria Police Force, known as Special
Anti-Robbery Squad (SARS), is a validation of level of corruption
and indiscipline in the Nigeria Police Force. There is corruption
and indiscipline in every arm of government and institution in
Nigeria, including; the judiciary, institutions of higher learning
and religious centers. Well, this work reveals how a corrupt or
unprofessional police officer can be reported and disciplined
according to the federal law that regulates Nigeria Police Force
(the Nigeria Police Act, 2020).
Reporting Police Officers for Misconducts:
Nigerians and foreigners in Nigeria are to be protected by the
Nigeria Police Force, with the tax payers’ fund. Statutorily, the
Nigeria Police Force is to protect lives and properties for free,
since the police is funded by government. In reality, many persons
in Nigeria have been forced to pay for police services or rather
extorted by officers of the Nigeria Police Force. Instead of
protecting lives and properties, many lives have been lost and
properties damaged by some officers of the Nigeria Police Force and
other law enforcement agencies.
This work categories all ill-mannered police officers and their
conducts as misconduct, to stay in tune with the diction of the
Nigeria Police Act. This covers corruptions, torture, extortion and
all other crimes perpetrated or believed to have been perpetrated
by a police officer. Since no man-made system is perfect, the
law-makers in drafting the extant Police law (the Nigeria Police
Act, 2020), also made room for the reporting, investigation and
discipline of unprofessional police officers for their
misconducts.
By section 131 of the Nigeria Police Act, the Inspector General
of Police (the highest police officer in Nigeria and head of the
police) is to create a Police Complaints Response Unit at the
headquarters of the Nigeria Police Force. He is to also have the in
every Police Command in each state in Nigeria and in the Federal
Capital Territory. The Police Complaints Response Unit is to be
under the Public Relations Section of the Nigeria Police Force.
The Police Complaints Response Unit is to receive complaints or
information on the misconducts of police officers, from the general
public and from police officers too. The complaints may include;
misconducts of police officers that resulted to death or grievous
body injury of any person or a violation of human rights of any
person. Complaints may also show that a police officer may have
committed a criminal offence or be engaged in any form of
professional misconduct. So, any complaint against a Police Officer
in any part of Nigeria, should be sent to the Police Complaints
Response Unit in the headquarters of police or in the nearest
Police Command.
Investigating Complaints of Misconducts Against Police
Officers:
The Police Complaints Response Unit is to investigate every
complaint received from any person, against a police officer.
During investigations of the Police Complaints Response Unit, the
police officer that has a complaint against him, should be allowed
to defend himself. The Police Complaints Response Unit is by law to
complete its investigation within 21 days from the day that the
complaint was made.
At the completion of an investigation, the Police Complaints
Response Unit is to forward its report and recommendations to the
Inspector General of Police or the Commission of Police in the
State, through the Force Public Relations Officer or the Public
Relations Officer in the State or in the Federal Capital Territory,
respectively.
The Inspector General of Police or the Commission of Police in
the State, upon receiving the investigation report and
recommendations, is to send a copy of them to the appropriate
disciplinary authority, to discipline the concerned police officer,
where the police officer is found to have violated the Nigeria
Police Act or its regulations. Where a false complaint if made
against a police officer, the complainant will be prosecuted.
Conclusion:
Aside prosecuting a police officer for misconduct in a court of
law, a police officer can be reported to the Police Complaints
Response Unit of the Nigeria Police Force. The Police Complaints
Response Unit has a statutory duty to accept and investigate every
complaint made against a Police Officer in any part of Nigeria. The
Police Complaints Response Unit is to complete its investigation
within 21 days from the date a complaint is received.
The Police Complaints Response Unit is located in the
headquarters of the Nigeria Police Force in Abuja, and also in all
the States in Nigeria and the Federal Capital Territory. The Police
Complaints Response Unit and its investigations does not affect the
rights of any person to approach a court of law or the National
Human Rights Commission to seek legal remedies against a police
officer.
In the Nigerian court system where there is perpetual and
enormous delay, engaging the Police Complaints Response Unit may be
a good alternative or complement. At this time, when the Nigerian
courts have been closed for eight weeks, due to failure of the
State Executive Governments to grant financial autonomy to courts,
the Police Complaints Response Unit should be fully utilized.
My authorities, are:
1. Sections 1, 2, 3, 14, 16, 17, 33 to 45, 214, 215, 216, 318 and
319 of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria,
1999.
2. Sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 31, 90, 96, 131, 132, 133, 134 of the
Nigeria Police Act, 2020.
3. Sections 2, 7, 8, 13 and 14 of the Anti-Torture Act, 2017.
4. Police Corruption Perceptions Index accessed 25 May 2021
5. Corruption Perceptions Index accessed 25 May 2021
6. Marvellous Iheukwumere,, “Fighting Police Corruption in Nigeria:
An Agenda for Comprehensive Reform” (GAB, 6 September 2019)
accessed 25 May 2021.
7. Onyekachi Umah, “Warrant of Arrest: Contents and Issuance”
(LearnNigerianLaws.com, 19 April 2021) accessed 25 May 2021.
8. Onyekachi Umah, “12 Situations Where Police Officers Can Arrest
Without Warrant” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 18 June 2019) accessed 25
May 2021.
9. Onyekachi Umah, “An Ordinary Person Can Arrest A Criminal
Suspect Even Without A Warrant In Nigeria” (LearnNigerianLaws.com,
17 July 2018) accessed 25 May 2021.
10. Onyekachi Umah, “When Can Police Search A House Without A
Warrant” (LearnNigerianLaw.com, 11 March 2019) accessed 25 May
2021.
11. Onyekachi Umah, “The Right Of Police To Break/Damage Any House
In Search Of Suspects Even Without Warrant To Search”
(LearnNigerianLaws.com, 18 February 2019) accessed 25 May 2021.
12. Onyekachi Umah, “Contents of Police Monthly Reports To
Magistrates” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 17 November 2020) accessed 25
May 2021.
13. Onyekachi Umah, “Qualifications for an Inspector General of
Police” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 4 February 2021) accessed 25 May
2021.
14. Onyekachi Umah, “Can the Appointment of an Inspector General of
Police be Extended?” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 2 February 2021)
accessed 19 April 2021.
15. Chris Admin, “Onyekachi Umah Speaks To ChannelsTv On SARS & The
New Police Act” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 9 November 2020) accessed
25 May 2021.
16. Onyekachi Umah, “Minimum Information That Must Be In Database
Of All Arrested Persons At Federal And State Levels In Nigeria”
(LearnNigerianLaws.com, 16 September 2019) accessed 25 May
2021.
17. Onyekachi Umah, “Head of a Police Station Must Make Monthly
Report of Arrests to a Magistrate” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 24
August 2020) accessed 25 May 2021.
18. Onyekachi Umah, “Police Stations Now Have Supervising
Magistrates” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 9 October 2020) accessed 25
May 2021.
19. Onyekachi Umah, “Is Nigerian Police to Investigate Cases of
Missing Persons After 24 hours?” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 11 May
2021) accessed 25 May 2021.
20. Onyekachi Umah, “An Alternative to Courts for Human Rights
Cases” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 14 May 2021) accessed 23 May
2021.
21. Onyekachi Umah, “Stripping Suspects Naked is Torture and it’s a
Crime” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 16 February 2021) accessed 23 May
2021
22. Onyekachi Umah, “Can Police Punish Unlawful Protesters?”
(LearnNigerianLaws.com, 15 February 2021) accessed 23 May 2021
23. Onyekachi Umah, “When Can A Protest Become A Riot?”
(LearnNigerianLaws.com, 6 November 2020) 23 May 2021
24. Onyekachi Umah, “#EndSarsNow: Punishment For Police (SARS)
Torture” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 6 October 2020) accessed 23 May
2021
25. Onyekachi Umah, “#EndSarsNow: Nigeria Police Lacks Power To
Punish” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 7 October 2020) accessed 23 May
2021
26. Onyekachi Umah, “#EndPoliceBrutality: How To Sue the Nigeria
Police Force and Police Officers” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 14
October 2020) accessed 23 May 2021
27. “Demand justice for Police Brutality in Nigeria” (Amnesty
International) accessed 23 May 2021
28. Onyekachi Umah, “Who Can Be Lawfully Killed In Nigeria?”
(LearnNigerianLaws.com, 26 October 2020) accessed 23 May 2021
29. Femi Falana, “Police Permit Not Required For Rallies in
Nigeria” (Premium Times, 23 January 2014) accessed 23 May 2021
30. Onyekachi Umah, “Can A Person With A Nigerian Flag Be Shot Or
Killed?” (LearnNigerianLaws.com,23 October 2020) accessed 23 May
2021
31. Onyekachi Umah, “#EndPoliceBrutality: When & How Can Government
Prohibit Protest In Nigeria?” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 19 October
2020) accessed 23 May 2021
32. Onyekachi Umah, “#EndPoliceBrutality: The Right To Protest Is A
Human Right.” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 15 October 2020) accessed 23
May 2021
33. Onyekachi Umah, “#EndPoliceBrutality: Do You Need A Police
Permit To Protest?” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 16 October 2020)
accessed 23 May 2021
34. Onyekachi Umah, “Does The President/Governors Have Powers To
Lockdown Any Part Of Nigeria Or Restrict Human Rights?”
(LearnNigerianLaws.com, 31 March 2020) accessed 23 May 2021
35. Onyekachi Umah, “Human Rights That Can Never Be Restricted Even
In War, Pandemic or State of Emergency (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 2
April 2020) accessed 23 May 2021
36. Onyekachi Umah, “Duty of Government to Pay Compensation for
Damages Caused By Riot.” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 4 November 2020)
accessed 23 May 2021
37. Onyekachi Umah, “Who Pays For Properties Damaged or Lost In A
Riot In Nigeria” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 6 August 2018) accessed 23
May 2021
38. Onyekachi Umah, “List of Fundamental Human Rights In Nigeria.”
(LearnNigerianLaws.com, 22 October 2020) accessed 23 May 2021
39. Chris Admin, “Onyekachi Umah Speaks To ChannelsTv On SARS & The
New Police Act” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 9 November 2020) accessed
23 May 2021
40. Onyekachi Umah, “What Is The Punishment For Any Person
Including Police Officers That Tortures Another Person”
(LearnNigerianLaws.com, 18 December 2018) accessed 23 May 2021
41. Onyekachi Umah, “Is Obeying “Orders From Above” a Defence for
Torture in Nigeria” (LearnNIgerianLaws.com, 7 September 2019)
accessed 23 May 2021
42. Onyekachi Umah, “Being Present During Torture Without
Participating In It, Is A Crime” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 25
November 2019) accessed 23 May 2021
43. Onyekachi Umah, “New Punishment for Security Officers Involved
in Torture in Nigeria.” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 27 August 2017)
accessed 23 May 2021
44. Onyekachi Umah, “Watching Torture but not Participating in it,
is Torture.” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 19 November 2019) accessed 23
May 2021
45. Onyekachi Umah, “Any Security Agency’s Manual/Protocol that
Allows Torture Even for National Security Cases is Unlawful and its
Officers are Liable.” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 11 September 2019)
accessed 23 May 2021
Sabi Law Projects:
#SabiLaw
#DailyLawTips
#SabiBusinessLaw
#SabiElectionLaws
#SabiHumanRights
#SabiLawOnTheBeatFm
#SabiLawLectureSeries
#CriminalJusticeMonday
#SabiLawVideoChallenge
Speak with the writer, ask questions or make inquiries on this
topic or any other via onyekachi.umah@gmail.com,
info@LearnNigerianLaws.com or +2348037665878 (whatsapp). To receive
free Daily Law Tips, join our free WhatsApp group via
https://chat.whatsapp.com/L7h4f1exItZ38FeuhXG4WN or Telegram group,
via the below link: https://t.me/LearnNigerianLaws
To keep up to date on all free legal awareness projects of Sabi
Law Foundation, follow us via
Facebook Page:@LearnNigerianLaws,
Instagram:@LearnNigerianLaws,
Twitter: @LearnNigeriaLaw,
YouTube: Learn Nigerian Laws,
WhatsApp Groups via
(https://chat.whatsapp.com/L7h4f1exItZ38FeuhXG4WN),
Telegram Group: (https://t.me/LearnNigerianLaws),
Facebook group:
(https://www.facebook.com/groups/129824937650907/?ref=share)
or visit our website: (www.LearnNigerianLaws.com)
Please share this publication for free till it gets to those
that need it most. Save a Nigerian today! NOTE: Sharing, modifying
or publishing this publication without giving credit to the author
or Sabi Law Foundation is a criminal breach of copyright and will
be prosecuted. This publication is the writer’s view not a legal
advice and does not create any form of relationship. You may reach
the writer for more information.
This publication is powered by www.LearnNigerianLaws.com {A Free
Law Awareness Program of Sabi Law Foundation, supported by the law
firm of Bezaleel Chambers International (BCI).} Sabi Law Foundation
is a Not-For-Profit and Non-Governmental Legal Awareness
Organization based in Nigeria. For sponsorship and partnership,
contact: sponsorship@learnnigerianlaws.com, sabilaw.ng@gmail.com or
+234 903 913 1200.
Daily Law Tips (Tip 797) by Onyekachi Umah, Esq., LL.M,
ACIArb(UK)
Introduction:
According to Transparency International (a global coalition against
corruption), Nigeria is rated 149 out of 180 countries on the 2020
Corruption Perceptions Index, with the least being New Zealand and
the worst being Somalia at position 179. Its Global Corruption
Barometer reports that 44% of public service users in Nigeria paid
a bribe in the last 12 months, since 2019. The Police Corruption
Perceptions Index ranked Nigeria Police Force as having 7.83
corruption on a scale of 10, with Danish Police having 1.86 and
Finland 2.04.
In a publication of The Global Anticorruption Blog, Marvellous
Iheukwumere, reported that; “Nigeria has a serious problem with
police corruption, at all levels. At the top, senior police
officials embezzle staggering sums of public funds. To take just
one example, in 2012, the former Inspector General of Police,
Sunday Ehindero, faced trial for embezzling 16 million Naira
(approximately US$44,422). Meanwhile, at the lower levels,
rank-and-file police officers regularly extort money from the
public, and crime victims must pay bribes before the police will
handle their cases.”
Whether or not anyone agrees with the above data and trusts
their owners, the Nigeria Police Force has corrupt officers and has
been reprimanded several times by courts in Nigeria. The recent
protests (#EndSARS) across Nigeria, for the disbandment of a
department of the Nigeria Police Force, known as Special
Anti-Robbery Squad (SARS), is a validation of level of corruption
and indiscipline in the Nigeria Police Force. There is corruption
and indiscipline in every arm of government and institution in
Nigeria, including; the judiciary, institutions of higher learning
and religious centers. Well, this work reveals how a corrupt or
unprofessional police officer can be reported and disciplined
according to the federal law that regulates Nigeria Police Force
(the Nigeria Police Act, 2020).
Reporting Police Officers for Misconducts:
Nigerians and foreigners in Nigeria are to be protected by the
Nigeria Police Force, with the tax payers’ fund. Statutorily, the
Nigeria Police Force is to protect lives and properties for free,
since the police is funded by government. In reality, many persons
in Nigeria have been forced to pay for police services or rather
extorted by officers of the Nigeria Police Force. Instead of
protecting lives and properties, many lives have been lost and
properties damaged by some officers of the Nigeria Police Force and
other law enforcement agencies.
This work categories all ill-mannered police officers and their
conducts as misconduct, to stay in tune with the diction of the
Nigeria Police Act. This covers corruptions, torture, extortion and
all other crimes perpetrated or believed to have been perpetrated
by a police officer. Since no man-made system is perfect, the
law-makers in drafting the extant Police law (the Nigeria Police
Act, 2020), also made room for the reporting, investigation and
discipline of unprofessional police officers for their
misconducts.
By section 131 of the Nigeria Police Act, the Inspector General
of Police (the highest police officer in Nigeria and head of the
police) is to create a Police Complaints Response Unit at the
headquarters of the Nigeria Police Force. He is to also have the in
every Police Command in each state in Nigeria and in the Federal
Capital Territory. The Police Complaints Response Unit is to be
under the Public Relations Section of the Nigeria Police Force.
The Police Complaints Response Unit is to receive complaints or
information on the misconducts of police officers, from the general
public and from police officers too. The complaints may include;
misconducts of police officers that resulted to death or grievous
body injury of any person or a violation of human rights of any
person. Complaints may also show that a police officer may have
committed a criminal offence or be engaged in any form of
professional misconduct. So, any complaint against a Police Officer
in any part of Nigeria, should be sent to the Police Complaints
Response Unit in the headquarters of police or in the nearest
Police Command.
Investigating Complaints of Misconducts Against Police
Officers:
The Police Complaints Response Unit is to investigate every
complaint received from any person, against a police officer.
During investigations of the Police Complaints Response Unit, the
police officer that has a complaint against him, should be allowed
to defend himself. The Police Complaints Response Unit is by law to
complete its investigation within 21 days from the day that the
complaint was made.
At the completion of an investigation, the Police Complaints
Response Unit is to forward its report and recommendations to the
Inspector General of Police or the Commission of Police in the
State, through the Force Public Relations Officer or the Public
Relations Officer in the State or in the Federal Capital Territory,
respectively.
The Inspector General of Police or the Commission of Police in
the State, upon receiving the investigation report and
recommendations, is to send a copy of them to the appropriate
disciplinary authority, to discipline the concerned police officer,
where the police officer is found to have violated the Nigeria
Police Act or its regulations. Where a false complaint if made
against a police officer, the complainant will be prosecuted.
Conclusion:
Aside prosecuting a police officer for misconduct in a court of
law, a police officer can be reported to the Police Complaints
Response Unit of the Nigeria Police Force. The Police Complaints
Response Unit has a statutory duty to accept and investigate every
complaint made against a Police Officer in any part of Nigeria. The
Police Complaints Response Unit is to complete its investigation
within 21 days from the date a complaint is received.
The Police Complaints Response Unit is located in the
headquarters of the Nigeria Police Force in Abuja, and also in all
the States in Nigeria and the Federal Capital Territory. The Police
Complaints Response Unit and its investigations does not affect the
rights of any person to approach a court of law or the National
Human Rights Commission to seek legal remedies against a police
officer.
In the Nigerian court system where there is perpetual and
enormous delay, engaging the Police Complaints Response Unit may be
a good alternative or complement. At this time, when the Nigerian
courts have been closed for eight weeks, due to failure of the
State Executive Governments to grant financial autonomy to courts,
the Police Complaints Response Unit should be fully utilized.
My authorities, are:
1. Sections 1, 2, 3, 14, 16, 17, 33 to 45, 214, 215, 216, 318 and
319 of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria,
1999.
2. Sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 31, 90, 96, 131, 132, 133, 134 of the
Nigeria Police Act, 2020.
3. Sections 2, 7, 8, 13 and 14 of the Anti-Torture Act, 2017.
4. Police Corruption Perceptions Index accessed 25 May 2021
5. Corruption Perceptions Index accessed 25 May 2021
6. Marvellous Iheukwumere,, “Fighting Police Corruption in Nigeria:
An Agenda for Comprehensive Reform” (GAB, 6 September 2019)
accessed 25 May 2021.
7. Onyekachi Umah, “Warrant of Arrest: Contents and Issuance”
(LearnNigerianLaws.com, 19 April 2021) accessed 25 May 2021.
8. Onyekachi Umah, “12 Situations Where Police Officers Can Arrest
Without Warrant” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 18 June 2019) accessed 25
May 2021.
9. Onyekachi Umah, “An Ordinary Person Can Arrest A Criminal
Suspect Even Without A Warrant In Nigeria” (LearnNigerianLaws.com,
17 July 2018) accessed 25 May 2021.
10. Onyekachi Umah, “When Can Police Search A House Without A
Warrant” (LearnNigerianLaw.com, 11 March 2019) accessed 25 May
2021.
11. Onyekachi Umah, “The Right Of Police To Break/Damage Any House
In Search Of Suspects Even Without Warrant To Search”
(LearnNigerianLaws.com, 18 February 2019) accessed 25 May 2021.
12. Onyekachi Umah, “Contents of Police Monthly Reports To
Magistrates” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 17 November 2020) accessed 25
May 2021.
13. Onyekachi Umah, “Qualifications for an Inspector General of
Police” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 4 February 2021) accessed 25 May
2021.
14. Onyekachi Umah, “Can the Appointment of an Inspector General of
Police be Extended?” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 2 February 2021)
accessed 19 April 2021.
15. Chris Admin, “Onyekachi Umah Speaks To ChannelsTv On SARS & The
New Police Act” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 9 November 2020) accessed
25 May 2021.
16. Onyekachi Umah, “Minimum Information That Must Be In Database
Of All Arrested Persons At Federal And State Levels In Nigeria”
(LearnNigerianLaws.com, 16 September 2019) accessed 25 May
2021.
17. Onyekachi Umah, “Head of a Police Station Must Make Monthly
Report of Arrests to a Magistrate” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 24
August 2020) accessed 25 May 2021.
18. Onyekachi Umah, “Police Stations Now Have Supervising
Magistrates” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 9 October 2020) accessed 25
May 2021.
19. Onyekachi Umah, “Is Nigerian Police to Investigate Cases of
Missing Persons After 24 hours?” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 11 May
2021) accessed 25 May 2021.
20. Onyekachi Umah, “An Alternative to Courts for Human Rights
Cases” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 14 May 2021) accessed 23 May
2021.
21. Onyekachi Umah, “Stripping Suspects Naked is Torture and it’s a
Crime” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 16 February 2021) accessed 23 May
2021
22. Onyekachi Umah, “Can Police Punish Unlawful Protesters?”
(LearnNigerianLaws.com, 15 February 2021) accessed 23 May 2021
23. Onyekachi Umah, “When Can A Protest Become A Riot?”
(LearnNigerianLaws.com, 6 November 2020) 23 May 2021
24. Onyekachi Umah, “#EndSarsNow: Punishment For Police (SARS)
Torture” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 6 October 2020) accessed 23 May
2021
25. Onyekachi Umah, “#EndSarsNow: Nigeria Police Lacks Power To
Punish” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 7 October 2020) accessed 23 May
2021
26. Onyekachi Umah, “#EndPoliceBrutality: How To Sue the Nigeria
Police Force and Police Officers” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 14
October 2020) accessed 23 May 2021
27. “Demand justice for Police Brutality in Nigeria” (Amnesty
International) accessed 23 May 2021
28. Onyekachi Umah, “Who Can Be Lawfully Killed In Nigeria?”
(LearnNigerianLaws.com, 26 October 2020) accessed 23 May 2021
29. Femi Falana, “Police Permit Not Required For Rallies in
Nigeria” (Premium Times, 23 January 2014) accessed 23 May 2021
30. Onyekachi Umah, “Can A Person With A Nigerian Flag Be Shot Or
Killed?” (LearnNigerianLaws.com,23 October 2020) accessed 23 May
2021
31. Onyekachi Umah, “#EndPoliceBrutality: When & How Can Government
Prohibit Protest In Nigeria?” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 19 October
2020) accessed 23 May 2021
32. Onyekachi Umah, “#EndPoliceBrutality: The Right To Protest Is A
Human Right.” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 15 October 2020) accessed 23
May 2021
33. Onyekachi Umah, “#EndPoliceBrutality: Do You Need A Police
Permit To Protest?” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 16 October 2020)
accessed 23 May 2021
34. Onyekachi Umah, “Does The President/Governors Have Powers To
Lockdown Any Part Of Nigeria Or Restrict Human Rights?”
(LearnNigerianLaws.com, 31 March 2020) accessed 23 May 2021
35. Onyekachi Umah, “Human Rights That Can Never Be Restricted Even
In War, Pandemic or State of Emergency (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 2
April 2020) accessed 23 May 2021
36. Onyekachi Umah, “Duty of Government to Pay Compensation for
Damages Caused By Riot.” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 4 November 2020)
accessed 23 May 2021
37. Onyekachi Umah, “Who Pays For Properties Damaged or Lost In A
Riot In Nigeria” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 6 August 2018) accessed 23
May 2021
38. Onyekachi Umah, “List of Fundamental Human Rights In Nigeria.”
(LearnNigerianLaws.com, 22 October 2020) accessed 23 May 2021
39. Chris Admin, “Onyekachi Umah Speaks To ChannelsTv On SARS & The
New Police Act” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 9 November 2020) accessed
23 May 2021
40. Onyekachi Umah, “What Is The Punishment For Any Person
Including Police Officers That Tortures Another Person”
(LearnNigerianLaws.com, 18 December 2018) accessed 23 May 2021
41. Onyekachi Umah, “Is Obeying “Orders From Above” a Defence for
Torture in Nigeria” (LearnNIgerianLaws.com, 7 September 2019)
accessed 23 May 2021
42. Onyekachi Umah, “Being Present During Torture Without
Participating In It, Is A Crime” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 25
November 2019) accessed 23 May 2021
43. Onyekachi Umah, “New Punishment for Security Officers Involved
in Torture in Nigeria.” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 27 August 2017)
accessed 23 May 2021
44. Onyekachi Umah, “Watching Torture but not Participating in it,
is Torture.” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 19 November 2019) accessed 23
May 2021
45. Onyekachi Umah, “Any Security Agency’s Manual/Protocol that
Allows Torture Even for National Security Cases is Unlawful and its
Officers are Liable.” (LearnNigerianLaws.com, 11 September 2019)
accessed 23 May 2021
Sabi Law Projects:
#SabiLaw
#DailyLawTips
#SabiBusinessLaw
#SabiElectionLaws
#SabiHumanRights
#SabiLawOnTheBeatFm
#SabiLawLectureSeries
#CriminalJusticeMonday
#SabiLawVideoChallenge
Speak with the writer, ask questions or make inquiries on this
topic or any other via onyekachi.umah@gmail.com,
info@LearnNigerianLaws.com or +2348037665878 (whatsapp). To receive
free Daily Law Tips, join our free WhatsApp group via
https://chat.whatsapp.com/L7h4f1exItZ38FeuhXG4WN or Telegram group,
via the below link: https://t.me/LearnNigerianLaws
To keep up to date on all free legal awareness projects of Sabi
Law Foundation, follow us via
Facebook Page:@LearnNigerianLaws,
Instagram:@LearnNigerianLaws,
Twitter: @LearnNigeriaLaw,
YouTube: Learn Nigerian Laws,
WhatsApp Groups via
(https://chat.whatsapp.com/L7h4f1exItZ38FeuhXG4WN),
Telegram Group: (https://t.me/LearnNigerianLaws),
Facebook group:
(https://www.facebook.com/groups/129824937650907/?ref=share)
or visit our website: (www.LearnNigerianLaws.com)
Please share this publication for free till it gets to those
that need it most. Save a Nigerian today! NOTE: Sharing, modifying
or publishing this publication without giving credit to the author
or Sabi Law Foundation is a criminal breach of copyright and will
be prosecuted. This publication is the writer’s view not a legal
advice and does not create any form of relationship. You may reach
the writer for more information.
This publication is powered by www.LearnNigerianLaws.com {A Free
Law Awareness Program of Sabi Law Foundation, supported by the law
firm of Bezaleel Chambers International (BCI).} Sabi Law Foundation
is a Not-For-Profit and Non-Governmental Legal Awareness
Organization based in Nigeria. For sponsorship and partnership,
contact: sponsorship@learnnigerianlaws.com, sabilaw.ng@gmail.com or
+234 903 913 1200.